By 2025, the glob­al pop­u­la­tion is expect­ed to exceed 8 bil­lion peo­ple — and they all will need safe, reli­able, and sus­tain­able ener­gy. Hydro­car­bons will con­tin­ue to play a dom­i­nate role in sup­port­ing the fourth indus­tri­al rev­o­lu­tion for some time yet. Rapid growth of hydro­car­bon alter­na­tives, improved ener­gy effi­cien­cy, and the adop­tion of more sus­tain­able lifestyle choic­es will affect the sup­ply and demand sides of the val­ue chain. The tra­di­tion­al val­ue chain has many weak links, and for many com­pa­nies it has bro­ken. They need next-gen­er­a­tion tech­nolo­gies to deliv­er the next-gen­er­a­tion val­ue chain. We call this new era ​“Oil and Gas Indus­try 4.0.”